Did you know in the United States, almost 5 million people are treated for skin cancer every year.
According to the American Academy of Dermatology, 1 in 5 Americans will be diagnosed with skin cancer during their lifetimes. Although there are some specific risk factors, people of any skin color can develop skin cancer. The statistics are alarming; however, most skin cancers are curable if detected early and treated properly. Self-exams and regular skin cancer screenings by an experienced dermatologist can ensure those skin cancers are found early.
At Buckhead Dermatology, our doctor is experienced at identifying growths, moles or other skin abnormalities that could indicate a potential for cancer. With advanced diagnostic and treatment options, the Atlanta-based skin cancer screening dermatologist at Buckhead Dermatology can successfully and safely treat both noncancerous and cancerous growths.
What is a skin cancer screening?
A skin cancer screening is a thorough, full-body examination of the skin by a board-certified dermatologist. During the exam, the doctor will gather a family history to determine any factors that may put you at a higher risk of developing skin cancer. Some common risk factors include:
- A history of severe sunburns
- A history of abnormal moles
- A history of tanning bed use
- Family history of melanoma
- The presence of more than 50 moles
- History of an organ transplant
- Fair skin, light eyes or blond or red hair
After the interview portion of the screening, the doctor will begin the skin examination. The exam typically takes only a few minutes as the doctor checks the skin from head to toe, including the scalp, face, feet and between the fingers and toes. If any areas appear unusual, the doctor may examine them more closely using a magnifying tool.
For areas that appear suspicious, you will be scheduled for a biopsy to remove a portion of the tissue and examine it under a microscope. The doctor will numb the area after which there should be no pain during or after the procedure apply an anesthetic. After removal, the tissue is sent to a laboratory for testing to determine if the cells are cancerous.
The “ABCDE” Mole Examination
During a skin cancer screening, a dermatologist is looking for specific characteristics that are signs of possible skin cancer in a mole or other skin growth. The factors are known as the “ABCDEs” of a mole. If a doctor identifies any of the characteristics of an abnormal mole, they may perform a biopsy and submit the tissue for further testing. The “ABCDEs” of a mole include:
- Asymmetry: One part of the mole is different from the other
- Border Irregularity: Blurry, uneven or jagged edges
- Color: Color variations in the mole, or the presence of white or blue spots
- Diameter: Moles larger than 6 mm, or the size of a pencil eraser
- Evolving: Moles that change in size, shape, color or border
Atlanta Skin Cancer Treatments
If a dermatologist performs a biopsy, and the tissue is determined to be cancerous, the doctor will develop a treatment plan based on the type and stage of cancer. For some basal cell carcinomas and squamous cell carcinomas, there are safe and very effective treatments available. Common treatments can include surgical removal using a scalpel, freezing, laser surgery and Mohs surgery. Some early cancers can be treated with a cream
More advanced forms of skin cancer or those that have spread may be treated more aggressively. After removal of the cancerous tissue, a patient may receive radiation therapy or in some extreme cases, chemotherapy. Buckhead Dermatology will provide you with all of the information you need to make the best treatment decisions for your skin.
Skin Cancer Prevention
One of the most effective ways of reducing your risk of developing skin cancer is protecting yourself from the sun. Intense or frequent exposure to the sun can significantly increase your risk, especially if you have a history of skin cancer in your family. Follow these guidelines for skin cancer prevention:
- Do not use tanning beds
- Always wear a broad-spectrum sunscreen with an SPF of 30 or greater
- Perform monthly self-exams of your skin to monitor for any new or changing moles
- Wear protective clothing such as a hat, long sleeves and neck protection when outdoors
- Avoid exposure during the middle of the day when the UV (Ultra Violet) rays are strongest
Frequently Asked Questions About Skin Cancer Screening and Treatment
How often should I have a skin cancer screening with a dermatologist?
The recommended frequency of skin cancer screenings depends on your individual risk factors, including your family history, previous skin cancers, number of atypical moles and history of significant sun exposure. Some patients benefit from annual full-body skin examinations, while those at higher risk may need more frequent visits. At Buckhead Dermatology, Dr. Straughn evaluates each patient's skin and medical history to recommend an appropriate screening schedule. New or changing skin lesions should be examined rather than waiting for your next routine appointment.
What are the early warning signs of skin cancer besides a changing mole?
Skin cancer does not always begin as a changing mole. Warning signs can include a sore that does not heal, a persistent scaly patch, a pearly or shiny bump, or a growth that repeatedly bleeds or crusts. Basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma and melanoma can have different appearances. Some skin cancers resemble harmless blemishes or areas of irritation. Any unexplained skin growth or lesion that persists, changes or bleeds should be evaluated by a dermatologist.
Can people with darker skin tones develop skin cancer even if they rarely sunburn?
Yes. Skin cancer can develop in people of every skin tone, including individuals who rarely experience sunburn. Although darker skin contains more melanin, which provides some natural protection against ultraviolet radiation, it does not eliminate the risk of skin cancer. Melanoma can also develop on areas such as the palms, soles and beneath the nails. At Buckhead Dermatology, Dr. Straughn has extensive experience evaluating skin of color and recognizing suspicious lesions that may appear differently on darker complexions.
What happens if a suspicious mole or skin growth is found during a screening?
If Dr. Straughn identifies a suspicious mole or skin lesion during an examination, she may recommend a biopsy to determine whether abnormal or cancerous cells are present. A biopsy involves removing a small sample of skin tissue, typically after numbing the area with local anesthesia. The sample is examined by a laboratory, and the results help determine whether additional treatment is necessary. Not every suspicious growth is cancerous, but a biopsy can provide important information for an accurate diagnosis.
What treatments are available if I am diagnosed with skin cancer?
Skin cancer treatment depends on the type, size, location and stage of the cancer. Basal cell and squamous cell carcinomas are often treated with surgical removal, while certain superficial cancers may be treated with prescription topical medications or other procedures. Mohs surgery may be recommended for some skin cancers, particularly those in sensitive locations or with a higher risk of recurrence. Melanoma may require surgery and, in some cases, additional specialized treatment. Dr. Straughn evaluates each patient's diagnosis and discusses appropriate treatment options or specialist referrals when necessary.